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Abstract This paper introduces an enhanced framework for performing division operations on interactive fuzzy numbers characterized by complete correlation. Unlike traditional methods reliant on the i…

Abstract This paper introduces an enhanced framework for performing division operations on interactive fuzzy numbers characterized by complete correlation. Unlike traditional methods reliant on the independence assumption, we build on the sup-J extension framework to support correlated input fuzzy values. The proposed method establishes precise conditions under which the result aligns with, diverges from, or subsumes conventional divisions such as Zadeh’s and the generalized Hukuhara division. Additionally, we investigate invertibility conditions for the proposed division with respect to multiplication. These refinements offer valuable theoretical insights and have implications for models involving uncertainty, including difference equations.  

In this study, we present an analysis, driven by the Critical Discourse Studies, Frame Analysis, and Narrative Analysis, of how truancy is represented in the Czech media. Based on our findings, we ass…

In this study, we present an analysis, driven by the Critical Discourse Studies, Frame Analysis, and Narrative Analysis, of how truancy is represented in the Czech media. Based on our findings, we assert that Czech media employ three frames (gender bias; moralisation and individualisation; and repression/retribution) for representing truancy, effectively depicting it as a criminal problem created by irresponsible mothers (and children they neglected) who must be punished to address the issue. Employing the cultural and feminist criminology framework, as a combination that is scarcely used in studies, we argue that media (re)produce criminalisation of mothers by amplifying deeply rooted and routinised gendered cultural stereotypes. In this sense, we show that cultural criminology is useful not only for analysing adrenaline/“exciting” transgression, subcultures, or edgework, but, especially when combined with feminist criminology, also for analysing possibilities of criminalisation rooted in mainstream culture. Furthermore, our analysis shows that Czech media representation of truancy is damaging both for society and for addressing the issue, reducing it to a mere neoliberal individual choice of irresponsible mothers, even though truancy is a much more complex phenomenon with communal and structural levels and can be seen rather as a product of advanced marginality.

We observe an unknown function of d variables f(t), t ∈ [0, 1]^d, in the Gaussian white noise model of intensity ε > 0. We assume that the function f is regular and that it is a sum of…

We observe an unknown function of d variables f(t), t ∈ [0, 1]^d, in the Gaussian white noise model of intensity ε > 0. We assume that the function f is regular and that it is a sum of k-variate functions, where k varies from 1 to s (1 ≤ s ≤ d). These functions are unknown to us and only a few of them are nonzero. In this article, we address the problem of identifying the nonzero components of f in the case when d = d_ε → ∞ as ε → 0 and s is either fixed or s = s_ε → ∞, s = o(d) as ε → ∞. This may be viewed as a variable selection problem. We derive the conditions when exact variable selection in the model at hand is possible and provide a selection procedure that achieves this type of selection. The procedure is adaptive to a degree of model sparsity described by the sparsity parameter β ∈ (0, 1). We also derive conditions that make the exact variable selection impossible. Our results augment previous work in this area.

Abstract   Intermediate quantifiers are expressions of natural language, for example “most, almost all, many, a few” using which we quantify a number of some objects in a given univer…

Abstract   Intermediate quantifiers are expressions of natural language, for example “most, almost all, many, a few” using which we quantify a number of some objects in a given universe. We have shown in [23] that all valid syllogisms with intermediate  quantifiers are a consequence of only two algebraic inequalities and one equality. The result was obtained in the formalism  of Lukasiewicz fuzzy type theory whose truth values form a linearly ordered complete MV-algebra. In this paper we will  prove that the same holds if we replace MV-algebra by a much more general IEQ-algebra (involutive EQ-algebra).   

Abstract Purpose Life satisfaction (LS) is increasingly recognized as a crucial indicator and predictor of health and well-being across the lifespan. The impact of LS may be enhanced through physical…

Abstract Purpose Life satisfaction (LS) is increasingly recognized as a crucial indicator and predictor of health and well-being across the lifespan. The impact of LS may be enhanced through physical activity (PA), although studies exploring the dynamic and bidirectional nature of the relationship are scarce. One principal goal of this project is to examine the dynamic, personalized interactions between LS and PA and exercise identity (the degree to which exercise is a fundamental aspect of one’s self-concept) in geographic areas with different air pollution loads. Method We used data from a 12-month prospective cohort study (N =1314, mean age =38.09 [12.55]; range 18-65) with four 2-week intensive measurement bursts to evaluate the bidirectional relationship between LS (assessed at the end of the day) and PA (assessed by Fitbit Charge 3 or 4 throughout the day). The sample included both active (runners; n =747, 57%) and inactive (n =567, 43%) individuals living in Moravia-Silesia and South Bohemia, geographic areas with different levels of air pollution. A dynamic Bayesian model based on an extension of the vector autoregressive model was used to estimate both lagged and contemporaneous associations between LS and PA. Results There were meaningful autoregressive effects of first order for both LS (β = 0.394) and PA (β = 0.316), and a within-person contemporaneous association between LS and PA (β = 0.087) that was also associated with temporal factors and trends (weekly and monthly seasonal variation, day in study), gender, age, and exercise identity. Conclusion This study highlights the importance of periodicity on 2 temporal scales for both PA and LS, with age and gender also playing crucial roles. The findings underscore the importance of tailored, context-aware interventions to sustain engagement and enhance well-being through PA.    

Current research evaluating the consequences of stigma towards people with mental illness is not nuanced in emphasizing the critical distinction between stigma as negative attitudes and discrimination…

Current research evaluating the consequences of stigma towards people with mental illness is not nuanced in emphasizing the critical distinction between stigma as negative attitudes and discrimination as harmful behaviours that limit access to services, employment, and social inclusion. Understanding these distinctions is essential for designing targeted, evidence-based universal, targeted and indicated interventions to improve the quality of life and well-being. This review evaluates the evidence on the consequences of stigma towards people with mental illness. Using PRISMA guidelines, we analysed 448 studies (294 quantitative, 154 qualitative) investigating stigma's negative outcomes. Findings were categorized into health, service use, psychosocial, economic, and structural impacts. Although stigma is consistently associated with adverse outcomes across life domains, evidence of a causal link between negative attitudes and poorer outcomes for individuals with mental disorders remains limited. Furthermore, there is a striking scarcity of research from low- and middle-income countries, with significant regional gaps, and studies addressing structural stigma embedded in societal institutions are particularly rare. Efforts to combat stigma must distinguish between attitudes and behaviours, focusing on reducing discrimination while enhancing public mental health literacy and access to effective interventions. Tackling these challenges requires a comprehensive, evidence-informed approach to improving mental health outcomes for all.

The post-communist WHO European region, often called Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), includes 28 countries with over 770 million people. Mental health systems remain shaped by the communist legacy o…

The post-communist WHO European region, often called Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), includes 28 countries with over 770 million people. Mental health systems remain shaped by the communist legacy of centralized institutions, a narrow biomedical focus, and neglect of social and psychological dimensions. Chronic underfunding persists, further strained by shrinking civic space in some countries and the war in Ukraine. Substantial progress has been made in the past decade, with modernization and rights-based approaches gaining ground. Yet reforms face entrenched barriers: underinvestment disproportionate to the burden; pervasive stigma, weak advocacy, and limited involvement of people with lived experience; dominance of institutional care over prevention, promotion, and community services; reliance on donor-driven projects that falter once funding ends; and human resource problems. Governance is often unstable, with low prioritization, clientelism, and personal biases undermining reforms. Research and data remain scarce, leaving systems unevaluated and vulnerable to reversal. Poor decision-making compounds these barriers: systemic missteps, driven by limited expertise, weak evidence, and personal biases, prevent resources from achieving the best possible outcomes. To move forward, CEE must integrate health, social, and education systems, secure sustainable crisis services, strengthen professional skills, involve people with lived experience, expand public mental health expertise, and, above all, commit greater and more transparent investment, closer to western European levels, if resilient and effective systems are to be built.

Abstract This study examines the stressor-response process in physical activity among 226 participants across four countries. We analyzed their step count collected via activity monitors before and a…

Abstract This study examines the stressor-response process in physical activity among 226 participants across four countries. We analyzed their step count collected via activity monitors before and after a significant stressor: the COVID-19 lockdown. Results showed that a ‘local dynamic complexity’ metric significantly predicts the rate of recovery to pre-COVID levels of physical activity. These findings provide new opportunities for just-in-time interventions to support physical activity recovery after disruptive stressors. Data availability The data used in the analysis are available at https://osf.io/gsmhk/. Code availability The R scripts used for the analysis are available at https://osf.io/gsmhk/.

Annotation This methodical material provides a comprehensive framework for the computation and interpretation of walking and running spatiotemporal parameters derived from consumer-grade wea…

Annotation This methodical material provides a comprehensive framework for the computation and interpretation of walking and running spatiotemporal parameters derived from consumer-grade wearable technology data (Fitbit Charge 3,4 wristbands) supplemented by the walking and running biomechanical data from the 4HAIE study. The document outlines a methodological approach for sequencing, analysis, and computation of combined data from inertial and optical sensors, focusing on extracting running/walking metrics such as stride length, covered distance, and pace. Particular attention is paid to algorithmic preprocessing, noise filtering, signal segmentation, and validation strategies relative to gold-standard biomechanical and Global Position System data.